Bioenergy Conservation and Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is related to common metabolic disorders and is expressed by hyperglycemia (i.e. elevated level of glucose in blood). There are a variety of DM and are caused by complex interactions of genetics and environmental factors. In fact DM is a sort of lifestyle associated metabolic disorder. Sedentary lifestyle, over indulgence in alcohol and excessive consumption of fatty fast-food laced with preservatives are the cause of excessive conservation of bioenergy in human body. One should be calorie conscious and take balanced diet to avoid getting obese and over weight. Obesity is an invitation to metabolic disorders.
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is also known as diabetes-II (or Type-II Diabetes, where as Diabetes-I is insulin dependant) and is characterized by variable degree of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. Loss of metabolic control is probably associated with neuroendocrine control system that effect hepatic glucose output. Computerization and automation in industrial units is the cause of bioenergy conservation in workers, leading to metabolic disorders like diabetes mellitus. Low energy expenditure due to leisure-way lifestyle and reduced sensitivity to peripheral insulin further complicate the case. Vascular complications associated with DM lead to morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Energy expenditure needs to be increased in diabetics by way of exercise; brisk walking and cycling.  Optimum energy expenditure in diabetics can act as adjunct to reduce the level of hyperglycemia.

Chemistry of Life: A convergence of organic and Inorganic matter

The chemistry of life is very complex subject. Our body is made-up of very complicated chemical compounds built up from about one dozen elements. Several dozen chemicals produced from about a dozen basic elements make the living matter in unicellular as well as multi-cellular plants and animals. The most common elements, which are constituents of various organic and inorganic compounds in our body are: Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Iron (Fe), Iodine (I), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphur (S), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Chlorine (Cl). Sodium is the main constituent of the living matter in all body fluids in animals and human beings. Potassium is present in the cells in animals and humans but present in abundant in plants. Hydrogen and Oxygen are the constituents of water (H₂O). Water is the vehicle of life force as life is not possible without water. Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon are the constituents of carbohydrates. Proteins are composed of Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur, however all proteins do not contain Sulphur. Though we have been successful in analyzing the chemical constituents of living matter but life can not be created by just mixing of these chemicals. These chemicals act as a fuel for the propagation and preservation of life. Water and Oxygen have a vital role in creation of bioenergy and its transportation to various cells and tissues of the body. Exocrine and endocrine glands of our body play a vital role in the production and regulation of various bio-compounds required for normal health. Kidneys play excretory and regulatory function for maintaining a state of homoeostasis.